Stemloop has developed over a dozen cell-free, biological sensors that can be modularly configured and programmed to create “smart” sensors that can integrate multiple inputs and compute a single output. The team has invented several defensible technologies to improve the speed, reliability, and overall performance of cell-free sensors, and have proprietary formulations for freeze-drying the biosensors with little-to-no impact on sensor performance. The technology will benefit society by enabling water security, which begins by identifying sustainable water sources for drinking, bathing, irrigation, and other core human and industrial activities. Industrial, consumer, and other public applications of the technology will empower people and their organizations to effectively monitor, legislate, and regulate water use. In allowing for the judicious use of water, it in turn promotes both food and energy security.